Abstract

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women of reproductive age (WRA). However, there is limited evidence on the predictors of cervical cancer screening nationwide. This study aimed to identify predictors of cervical cancer screening among WRA in Tanzania using the 2022 TDHS.
Materials and Methods: This study was an analytical cross-sectional study that utilized nationally representative secondary data sourced from the Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHS) of 2022.A weighted sample of 15,254 women of reproductive age (15-49) was included in the study. A multilevel binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine predictors associated with uptake of cervical cancer screening services. These results were presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval.
Results: Significantly associated predictors of cervical cancer screening among WRA age in Tanzania were Age (AOR =7.12, 95% CI: 5.42, 9.37), education (AOR=2.58, 95% CI: 1.91, 3.48), occupation (AOR =1.3, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.54), visited health facility for the past 12 months(AOR=1.30, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.51), the use of contraceptives (AOR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.06,1.42) , Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status (AOR=5.56, 95% CI: 4.33, 7.14) and residence(AOR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.52, 0.78).
Conclusion: Generally, cervical cancer screening practice is low in Tanzania. These findings underscore the importance of tailored interventions to improve screening rate, particularly among younger, less educated, rural-dwelling, and socioeconomically disadvantaged women. Efforts to enhance access to healthcare services, increase health literacy, and address barriers to screening participation are essential for reducing cervical cancer disparities and promoting women's health.