This session, organized under the auspices of the International Society for Business and Industrial Statistics (ISBIS) and the ISI Special Interest Group on data Science, presents statistical and data-driven cutting-edge methodologies capable to bridge theoretical innovation with practical application in various fields.  Applications range from assessing the determinants of the poverty rate among workers in EU countries, considering heterogeneity across countries and over time, to comparing control and treatment groups through a generalized treatment effect model. Furthermore, irregular time series, each with different local temporal dynamics, are analysed in a block time series framework for count data with an application to astronomical X-ray binary (XRB) time series.